Prometheus监控
一、 总览#
主要组件:
Prometheus server: 用于收集和存储时间序列数据
exporter: 客户端生成监控指标
Alertmanager: 处理警报
Grafana: 数据可视化和输出
Pushgateway:主动推送数据给Prometheus server
二 、环境搭建#
2.1 环境准备#
软件 | 版本 |
---|---|
OS | CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 |
docker | 20.10.17 |
docker-compose | v2.6.0 |
IP | 192.168.0.80 |
2.2 编辑prometheus配置文件#
mkdir /etc/prometheus
vim /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
# 全局配置
global:
scrape_interval: 15s
evaluation_interval: 15s
# scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).
# 告警配置
alerting:
alertmanagers:
- static_configs:
- targets: ['192.168.1.200:9093']
# 加载一次规则,并根据全局“评估间隔”定期评估它们。
rule_files:
- "/etc/prometheus/rules.yml"
# 控制Prometheus监视哪些资源
# 默认配置中,有一个名为prometheus的作业,它会收集Prometheus服务器公开的时间序列数据。
scrape_configs:
# 作业名称将作为标签“job=<job_name>`添加到此配置中获取的任何数据。
- job_name: 'prometheus'
static_configs:
- targets: ['localhost:9090']
- job_name: 'node'
static_configs:
- targets: ['localhost:9100']
labels:
env: dev
role: docker
2.3 编辑告警规则文件#
/etc/prometheus/rules.yml
groups:
- name: example
rules:
# Alert for any instance that is unreachable for >5 minutes.
- alert: InstanceDown
expr: up == 0
for: 1m
labels:
serverity: page
annotations:
summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} down"
description: "{{ $labels.instance }} of job {{ $labels.job }} has been down for more than 5 minutes."
2.4 编辑告警配置文件#
/etc/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml
global:
resolve_timeout: 5m
smtp_smarthost: 'xxx@xxx:587'
smtp_from: 'zhaoysz@xxx'
smtp_auth_username: 'xxx@xxx'
smtp_auth_password: 'xxxx'
smtp_require_tls: true
route:
group_by: ['alertname']
group_wait: 10s
group_interval: 10s
repeat_interval: 1h
receiver: 'test-mails'
receivers:
- name: 'test-mails'
email_configs:
- to: 'scottcho@qq.com'
2.5 编辑docker-compose#
/docker-compose/prometheus/docker-compose.yml
services:
prometheus:
image: prom/prometheus
volumes:
- /etc/prometheus/:/etc/prometheus/
- prometheus_data:/prometheus
command:
- '--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml'
- '--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus'
- '--web.console.libraries=/usr/share/prometheus/console_libraries'
- '--web.console.templates=/usr/share/prometheus/consoles'
- '--web.external-url=http://192.168.1.200:9090/'
- '--web.enable-lifecycle'
- '--storage.tsdb.retention=15d'
ports:
- 9090:9090
links:
- alertmanager:alertmanager
restart: always
alertmanager:
image: prom/alertmanager
ports:
- 9093:9093
volumes:
- /etc/alertmanager/:/etc/alertmanager/
- alertmanager_data:/alertmanager
command:
- '--config.file=/etc/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml'
- '--storage.path=/alertmanager'
restart: always
grafana:
image: grafana/grafana
ports:
- 3000:3000
volumes:
- /etc/grafana/:/etc/grafana/provisioning/
- grafana_data:/var/lib/grafana
environment:
- GF_INSTALL_PLUGINS=camptocamp-prometheus-alertmanager-datasource
links:
- prometheus:prometheus
- alertmanager:alertmanager
restart: always
volumes:
prometheus_data: {}
grafana_data: {}
alertmanager_data: {}
2.6 启动composer#
docker-compose up -d
2.7 访问端点#
- http://localhost:9090 Prometheus server主页
- http://localhost:9090/metrics Prometheus server自身指标
- http://192.168.0.80:3000 Grafana
三、 添加监控主机Job#
3.1 安装Node_Export#
node_export用于采集主机信息,本质是一个采用http的协议的api
RedHat家族的操作系统可以采用yum进行安装
yum 安装方法: https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/ibotty/prometheus-exporters/
curl -Lo /etc/yum.repos.d/_copr_ibotty-prometheus-exporters.repo https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/ibotty/prometheus-exporters/repo/epel-7/ibotty-prometheus-exporters-epel-7.repo
yum -y install node_exporter
systemctl start node_exporter
systemctl enable node_exporter.service
二进制文件安装
官网下载地址(https://prometheus.io/download/)
tar -zxvf node_exporter-1.0.0-rc.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
./node_exporter --web.listen-address=:9100
访问地址: http://localhost:9100/metrics
3.2 在promethues中添加该监控#
- job_name: 'node'
static_configs:
- targets: ['localhost:9100']
labels:
env: dev
role: docker
3.3 重启Prometheus#
由于这是静态配置,需要重启Prometheus服务,后面可以做成自动发现的
docker compose restart
四、 配置Grafana#
访问http://192.168.0.80:3000/,初始登录账号/密码: admin/admin
创建Prometheus数据源
单击侧栏中的“齿轮”以打开“配置”菜单。
单击“数据源”。
点击“添加数据源”。
选择“ Prometheus”作为类型。
设置适当的Prometheus服务器网址(例如,http://192.168.0.80:9090/)
根据需要调整其他数据源设置(例如,选择正确的访问方法)。
单击“保存并测试”以保存新的数据源。
2.4.2 导入Node-Export仪表板
官方模板查询地址: https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards
找到模板编号8919